Combustion Analysis Calculator

Determine empirical and molecular formulas from combustion analysis data

Combustion Analysis Calculator

Choose the type of organic compound being analyzed

g

Initial mass of the organic compound sample

g

Mass of carbon dioxide produced from combustion

g

Mass of water vapor produced from combustion

g/mol

Known molecular mass to determine molecular formula

Combustion Analysis Results

N/A
Empirical Formula
Simplest ratio
0.000
Empirical Mass
g/mol

Calculation Details

Moles of elements:

C: 0.00000 mol, H: 0.00000 mol, O: 0.00000 mol

Analysis Tips

Example: CHO Compound

Given Data

Sample mass: 12.915 g

CO₂ produced: 18.942 g

H₂O produced: 7.749 g

Molecular mass: 90.08 g/mol

Results

Element masses:

C: 5.169 g, H: 0.867 g, O: 6.879 g

Empirical formula: CH₂O

Molecular formula: C₃H₆O₃

Analysis Steps

1

Calculate Element Masses

From CO₂ and H₂O masses

mC from CO₂, mH from H₂O

2

Convert to Moles

Divide by atomic masses

mol = mass / atomic mass

3

Find Simplest Ratio

Divide by smallest moles

Empirical formula ratios

4

Molecular Formula

If molecular mass known

n = MM / EFM

Key Formulas

Carbon Mass

mC = mCO₂ × (12.011/44.010)

Hydrogen Mass

mH = mH₂O × (2×1.008/18.015)

Oxygen Mass

mO = msample - mC - mH

Molecular Formula

n = Molecular Mass / EFM

Analysis Tips

Assumes complete combustion

All C becomes CO₂, all H becomes H₂O

Round ratios to nearest whole numbers

Check for common fractional ratios

Understanding Combustion Analysis

What is Combustion Analysis?

Combustion analysis is a quantitative technique used to determine the empirical formula of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The compound is completely burned in excess oxygen, and the masses of CO₂ and H₂O produced are measured to calculate the original composition.

Key Assumptions

  • Complete combustion occurs
  • All carbon becomes CO₂
  • All hydrogen becomes H₂O
  • Oxygen comes from sample and combustion air

Calculation Process

1. Mass Calculations

Carbon: mC = mCO₂ × (MC/MCO₂)

Hydrogen: mH = mH₂O × (2MH/MH₂O)

2. Moles Calculation

Divide each mass by respective atomic mass

3. Empirical Formula

Find simplest whole number ratio

4. Molecular Formula

Multiply empirical by n = MM/EFM