Cubic Cell Calculator

Calculate lattice parameters for cubic crystal structures from atomic radius

Calculate Cubic Cell Parameters

Radius of the atoms in the crystal structure

Type of cubic crystal lattice structure

Cubic Cell Results

0.000
Lattice Constant (a)
angstrom
1
Atoms per Unit Cell
atoms
0.000
Unit Cell Volume
nm³
0.0%
Packing Factor
space efficiency

Lattice type: Simple Cubic (SC)

Formula used: a = 2r

Input radius: 0.000 Å

Coordination number: 6

Crystal Structure Analysis

Example Calculations

Aluminum (FCC)

Atomic radius: 1.43 Å

Structure: Face-centered cubic

Formula: a = 4r/√2

Calculation

a = 4 × 1.43 Å / √2

a = 5.72 Å / 1.414

a = 4.045 Å

Iron (BCC)

Atomic radius: 1.24 Å

Structure: Body-centered cubic

Result: a = 2.86 Å

Cubic Crystal Types

SC

Simple Cubic

1 atom per unit cell

Coordination number: 6

Packing factor: 52.4%

BCC

Body-Centered

2 atoms per unit cell

Coordination number: 8

Packing factor: 68.0%

FCC

Face-Centered

4 atoms per unit cell

Coordination number: 12

Packing factor: 74.0%

Common Examples

Simple Cubic (SC)

Polonium (Po)

Body-Centered (BCC)

Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr)

Tungsten (W), Molybdenum (Mo)

Face-Centered (FCC)

Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu)

Gold (Au), Silver (Ag)

Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb)

Crystallography Tips

FCC and HCP are closest-packed structures

Higher coordination means more stability

Packing factor affects material density

Atomic radius values from X-ray diffraction

Understanding Cubic Crystal Structures

What is a Unit Cell?

A unit cell is the smallest repeating unit that contains all the structural information of a crystal. When unit cells are stacked together in three dimensions, they form the complete crystal structure. Cubic unit cells are characterized by having all angles equal to 90° and all edges of equal length.

Why Calculate Lattice Constants?

  • Determine crystal structure from atomic data
  • Predict material properties and behavior
  • Design new materials with desired properties
  • Analyze X-ray diffraction patterns

Lattice Formulas

Simple Cubic (SC)

a = 2r

Atoms touch along cube edges

Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)

a = 4r/√3

Atoms touch along cube diagonals

Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)

a = 4r/√2

Atoms touch along face diagonals

Note: The lattice constant 'a' represents the edge length of the cubic unit cell. All formulas assume hard sphere atoms in contact.