4T Score Calculator | HIT

Assess the probability of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) using the 4T scoring system

4T Score Assessment

1. Thrombocytopenia

2. Timing of Platelet Count Fall

3. Thrombosis or Other Sequelae

4. Other Causes of Thrombocytopenia

4T Score Results

0
out of 8
4T Score
Low Risk
~5%
HIT Probability

Score Breakdown

1. Thrombocytopenia:0/2 points
2. Timing:0/2 points
3. Thrombosis:0/2 points
4. Other causes:0/2 points
Total 4T Score:0/8 points

Clinical Assessment

Low Risk - ~5% probability

HIT is unlikely. Consider alternative diagnoses for thrombocytopenia.

Recommendation: Functional assays for HIT antibodies are not recommended. Consider other causes of thrombocytopenia.

⚠️ Medical Disclaimer: This calculator is for educational purposes only. The 4T score aids in clinical assessment but cannot substitute for clinical judgment. Always consult healthcare professionals and consider laboratory testing for definitive HIT diagnosis.

Clinical Examples

High Risk Case (Score: 7/8)

• Thrombocytopenia: 60% fall, nadir 30×10⁹/L (2 points)

• Timing: Clear onset day 7 of heparin (2 points)

• Thrombosis: New DVT confirmed (2 points)

• Other causes: None evident (2 points) - 1 not selected = 7

Result: High risk (~64% probability) - Stop heparin, consider alternative anticoagulation

Low Risk Case (Score: 2/8)

• Thrombocytopenia: 20% fall, nadir 60×10⁹/L (0 points)

• Timing: Onset day 2 with no prior heparin (0 points)

• Thrombosis: None (0 points)

• Other causes: Recent major surgery (1 point) - 1 not selected = 2

Result: Low risk (~5% probability) - HIT unlikely, consider other causes

HIT Risk Categories

Low Risk (0-3 points)

~5% probability

HIT unlikely

Intermediate Risk (4-5 points)

~14% probability

Consider testing

High Risk (6-8 points)

~64% probability

Stop heparin

What is HIT?

HIT Type 1

Non-immunological, mild thrombocytopenia, good prognosis

HIT Type 2

Immunological, severe thrombocytopenia, risk of thrombosis

Key Features

  • • Antibody-mediated platelet activation
  • • Paradoxical thrombosis risk
  • • Requires heparin cessation

Other Causes of Thrombocytopenia

• Sepsis without documented infection
• ICU-related thrombocytopenia
• Post-operative (within 72h)
• Bloodstream infections
• Chemotherapy/radiation (within 20 days)
• DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)
• Transfusion-related
• Drug-induced thrombocytopenia
• Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)

HIT Testing

Screening Tests

  • • ELISA (Anti-PF4/heparin antibodies)
  • • High sensitivity, lower specificity
  • • First-line screening

Functional Tests

  • • Platelet aggregation test
  • • Serotonin release assay (SRA)
  • • Higher specificity
  • • Confirmatory testing

Understanding the 4T Score

4T Score Components

The 4T score is a clinical prediction rule that assesses the probability of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) based on four key clinical features, each starting with the letter "T".

Clinical Significance

  • Helps clinicians decide whether to pursue HIT testing
  • Guides decisions about stopping heparin therapy
  • Reduces unnecessary testing in low-probability patients
  • Aids in risk stratification for alternative anticoagulation

The Four T's

1. Thrombocytopenia

Severity and extent of platelet count fall

2. Timing

When the platelet count began to fall

3. Thrombosis

New blood clots or related complications

4. Other causes

Alternative explanations for thrombocytopenia