Sodium Deficit Calculator

Calculate the amount of sodium needed to correct hyponatremia safely

Calculate Sodium Deficit

Patient's current body weight

years

Used for total body water calculation

Affects total body water percentage calculation

Normal range: 136-145 mEq/L (equivalent to mmol/L)

mEq/L

Default: 140 mEq/L (normal physiological level)

Example Calculation

Adult Female Patient Example

Weight: 55 kg

Age: 45 years (adult)

Sex: Female

Current Serum Sodium: 125 mEq/L

Target Sodium: 140 mEq/L

Step-by-Step Calculation

1. TBW = 55 kg × 0.50 (adult female) = 27.5 L

2. Sodium deficit = 27.5 L × (140 - 125) mEq/L

3. Sodium deficit = 27.5 × 15 = 412.5 mmol

Result: 412.5 mmol sodium needed

Safe correction time: 15 mEq/L ÷ 0.5 mEq/L/hr = 30 hours

Total Body Water (TBW) Percentages

Children/Adolescents

60% of body weight

Adult Males

60% of body weight

Adult Females

50% of body weight

Elderly Males (≥65)

50% of body weight

Elderly Females (≥65)

45% of body weight

Sodium Level Classifications

Normal

135-145 mEq/L

Mild Hyponatremia

130-134 mEq/L

Moderate Hyponatremia

125-129 mEq/L

Severe Hyponatremia

< 125 mEq/L

Safety Guidelines

Correction Rate

  • • Maximum: 0.5 mEq/L per hour
  • • Daily limit: 12 mEq/L per day
  • • Slower for chronic hyponatremia

Monitoring

  • • Check sodium every 2-4 hours
  • • Monitor neurological status
  • • Adjust infusion rate accordingly

Complications

  • • Osmotic demyelination syndrome
  • • Central pontine myelinolysis
  • • Permanent neurologic damage

Understanding Sodium Deficit

What is Sodium Deficit?

Sodium deficit is the quantity of sodium missing from a patient's body in the state of hyponatremia, expressed in millimoles (mmol). It represents the amount of sodium needed to restore normal electrolyte balance safely.

Clinical Importance

  • Guides appropriate sodium replacement therapy
  • Prevents overcorrection and complications
  • Helps calculate infusion rates and duration
  • Essential for patient safety in hyponatremia treatment

Calculation Formula

Sodium Deficit = TBW × (Desired Na - Serum Na)

TBW: Total Body Water (weight × age/sex factor)
Desired Na: Target sodium concentration (usually 140 mEq/L)
Serum Na: Current measured sodium level

Hyponatremia Symptoms

Mild: Headache, confusion, nausea
Severe: Seizures, coma, respiratory arrest