Total Body Water Calculator

Calculate your total body water volume and distribution using Watson's formula

Calculate Total Body Water

Your current body weight

Your height measurement

years

Age affects total body water calculation (males only)

Different formulas are used for males and females

Example Calculation

Adult Male Example

Weight: 70 kg

Height: 175 cm

Age: 30 years

Sex: Male

Calculation

TBW = 2.447 - 0.09156×30 + 0.1074×175 + 0.3362×70

TBW = 2.447 - 2.747 + 18.795 + 23.534

TBW = 42.0 L (60.0% of body weight)

ICF = 28.0 L | ECF = 14.0 L | Plasma = 2.8 L

Normal TBW Ranges

Adult Males

58 ± 8% (50-66%)

Average: ~60% of body weight

Adult Females

48 ± 6% (42-54%)

Average: ~50% of body weight

Infants

~75% of body weight

Elderly

45-50% of body weight

Decreases with age

Factors Affecting TBW

Muscle Mass

~70% water content

Fat Tissue

~10% water content

Age

Decreases with aging

Hydration Status

±0.5% daily variation

Clinical Applications

Medical Uses

  • • Fluid balance assessment
  • • Medication dosing calculations
  • • Dialysis planning
  • • Nutritional assessment
  • • Body composition analysis

Health Monitoring

  • • Hydration status
  • • Athletic performance
  • • Weight management
  • • Aging effects
  • • Disease monitoring

Understanding Total Body Water

What is Total Body Water?

Total body water (TBW) represents the entire volume of water contained in the human body. It's distributed across different compartments and is essential for all physiological processes, including temperature regulation, joint lubrication, and cellular metabolism.

Watson's Formula

Dr. P.E. Watson developed these equations in 1980 based on anthropometric measurements. The formulas account for sex differences in body composition and the age-related decline in body water content in males.

Clinical Significance

  • Drug dosing calculations for water-soluble medications
  • Fluid balance assessment in critical care
  • Dialysis prescription and monitoring
  • Body composition analysis

Body Water Distribution

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

66.7% of TBW - Fluid contained within cells, responsible for cellular metabolism and maintaining cell shape.

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

33.3% of TBW - Fluid outside cells, including:

  • • Plasma (20% of ECF) - Blood component
  • • Interstitial fluid (80% of ECF) - Between cells
  • • Transcellular fluid - Specialized compartments

Factors Influencing TBW

Age: Decreases with age due to muscle mass loss
Sex: Females have less TBW due to higher fat content
Body composition: Muscle has more water than fat
Hydration: Can vary ±0.5% throughout the day