Venous Blood pH Calculator

Calculate venous blood pH using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for acid-base assessment

Calculate Venous Blood pH

Normal range: 22-26 mEq/L (venous blood)

Normal range: 41-51 mmHg (venous blood)

Example Calculations

Normal Venous pH

Values: HCO₃⁻ = 24 mEq/L, PaCO₂ = 46 mmHg

Calculation: pH = 6.1 + log₁₀[24 / (0.0308 × 46)] = 6.1 + log₁₀(16.95) = 7.33

Interpretation: Normal venous pH (within 7.31-7.41 range)

Venous Acidosis

Values: HCO₃⁻ = 15 mEq/L, PaCO₂ = 50 mmHg

Calculation: pH = 6.1 + log₁₀[15 / (0.0308 × 50)] = 6.1 + log₁₀(9.74) = 7.09

Interpretation: Venous acidosis (pH < 7.31)

Reference Ranges

Venous Blood pH

7.31 - 7.41

Normal range (more acidic than arterial)

Arterial Blood pH

7.35 - 7.45

For comparison

Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)

22 - 26 mEq/L

Venous normal range

Venous PaCO₂

41 - 51 mmHg

Higher than arterial CO₂

Clinical Applications

Acid-Base Assessment

Evaluate acid-base balance using venous samples

Emergency Medicine

Quick assessment when arterial access difficult

ICU Monitoring

Continuous monitoring of acid-base status

Metabolic Disorders

Diagnosis and monitoring of metabolic conditions

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

Formula Components

  • • pH = 6.1 + log₁₀[HCO₃⁻ / (0.0308 × PaCO₂)]
  • • 6.1 = pKa of carbonic acid system
  • • 0.0308 = solubility coefficient of CO₂

Clinical Significance

  • • Describes buffer system in blood
  • • Relates pH to bicarbonate and CO₂
  • • Foundation of acid-base physiology

Understanding Venous Blood pH

What is Venous Blood pH?

Venous blood pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of blood returning to the heart. It's typically more acidic than arterial blood due to higher CO₂ content from cellular metabolism and tissue respiration.

Clinical Significance

  • Alternative to arterial blood gas when arterial access is difficult
  • Less invasive procedure for acid-base assessment
  • Reliable for detecting significant acid-base disorders
  • Useful in emergency and critical care settings

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

pH = 6.1 + log₁₀[HCO₃⁻ / (0.0308 × PaCO₂)]

HCO₃⁻: Bicarbonate concentration (metabolic component)
PaCO₂: Partial pressure of CO₂ (respiratory component)
6.1: pKa of carbonic acid buffer system
0.0308: Solubility coefficient of CO₂ in plasma

Venous vs Arterial

Venous pH: 7.31-7.41 (more acidic)
Arterial pH: 7.35-7.45 (less acidic)
Difference: ~0.04 pH units due to tissue CO₂