Binary Multiplication Calculator

Multiply binary numbers with step-by-step long multiplication method and detailed explanations

Binary Multiplication Calculator

Number of bits for the result representation

Only 0s and 1s allowed

Only 0s and 1s allowed

Example: 1011 × 101

1011 × 1 = 1011
1011 × 0 = 0000 (shift 1)
1011 × 1 = 1011 (shift 2)
Sum: 110111 (55 decimal)

Binary Multiplication Rules

0 × 0 = 0
0 × 1 = 0
1 × 0 = 0
1 × 1 = 1

Binary Multiplication Steps

1

Set Multiplier

Choose the longer number as multiplier

2

Multiply Each Digit

Multiply by each digit of multiplicand

3

Position Products

Shift intermediate products by position

4

Sum Products

Add all intermediate products

Quick Reference

Binary Powers of 2

1₂1₁₀
10₂2₁₀
100₂4₁₀
1000₂8₁₀
10000₂16₁₀

Tips & Tricks

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Multiplying by powers of 2 = left bit shift

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Binary multiplication is simpler than decimal

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Order doesn't matter (commutative property)

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Check your work with decimal conversion

Understanding Binary Multiplication

Binary Number System

Binary (base-2) numbers use only digits 0 and 1, representing the two states in digital electronics: OFF and ON. Each position represents a power of 2, making binary multiplication fundamental to computer operations.

Multiplication Rules

  • 0 × 0 = 0 (Nothing times nothing equals nothing)
  • 0 × 1 = 0 (Zero times anything equals zero)
  • 1 × 0 = 0 (Same as above, commutative)
  • 1 × 1 = 1 (One times one equals one)

Long Multiplication Method

Algorithm Steps

  1. 1. Set the longer number as the multiplier
  2. 2. Multiply multiplier by each digit of multiplicand
  3. 3. Position each product according to digit position
  4. 4. Add all intermediate products using binary addition
  5. 5. The sum is your final product

Bit Shifting Optimization

For powers of 2, binary multiplication can be optimized using bit shifting. Multiplying by 2 = shift left by 1 bit, by 4 = shift left by 2 bits, etc. This is why binary multiplication is so efficient in computers.

Applications in Computing

Computer Science: Binary multiplication is fundamental to processor arithmetic units, graphics processing, cryptography, and digital signal processing. Understanding binary operations helps in optimizing algorithms and understanding how computers perform calculations at the hardware level.