Coterminal Angle Calculator

Find coterminal angles that share the same terminal side in standard position

Calculate Coterminal Angles

°

The angle to find coterminal angles for

Results

Normalized Angle (0° to 360° or 0 to 2π)

0.0000°
Primary Unit
0.0000 rad
Alternate Unit

Positive Coterminal Angles

360.00°
+1 revolution
720.00°
+2 revolutions
1080.00°
+3 revolutions

Negative Coterminal Angles

-360.00°
-1 revolution
-720.00°
-2 revolutions
-1080.00°
-3 revolutions

General formula: θ ± k × 360° (where k is any integer)

Your angle: 0° ± k × 360°

Example Calculations

Finding Coterminal Angles

Given angle: 420°

Normalized: 420° - 360° = 60°

Positive coterminal: 60° + 360° = 420°, 60° + 720° = 780°

Negative coterminal: 60° - 360° = -300°, 60° - 720° = -660°

Checking if Coterminal

Angle 1: 45°

Angle 2: 405°

Difference: 405° - 45° = 360°

Result: 360° ÷ 360° = 1 (integer) → Coterminal ✓

Negative Angle Example

Given angle: -858°

Calculation: -858° + 3×360° = -858° + 1080° = 222°

Normalized: 222° (between 0° and 360°)

Quick Reference

Definition

Coterminal angles share the same terminal side when in standard position

Formula

θ ± k × 360° (degrees)

θ ± k × 2π (radians)

where k is any integer

Standard Position

Initial side along positive x-axis, vertex at origin

Common Examples

0°:360°, -360°
30°:390°, -330°
45°:405°, -315°
90°:450°, -270°
180°:540°, -180°
270°:630°, -90°

Tips & Applications

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Coterminal angles have identical trigonometric values

💡

Use the smallest positive coterminal angle for calculations

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Important in physics for rotational motion

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Used in navigation and GPS calculations

Understanding Coterminal Angles

What are Coterminal Angles?

Coterminal angles are angles that share the same terminal side when placed in standard position. The standard position means one side (initial side) lies along the positive x-axis, and the vertex is at the origin. Despite having different measures, coterminal angles end up pointing in the same direction.

Key Properties

  • Differ by complete rotations (360° or 2π rad)
  • Have identical trigonometric function values
  • Can be positive or negative
  • Infinitely many coterminal angles exist for any angle

How to Find Coterminal Angles

For degrees: θ ± k × 360°

For radians: θ ± k × 2π

where k is any positive integer

Applications

  • Trigonometry: Simplifying calculations using equivalent angles
  • Physics: Rotational motion and periodic phenomena
  • Engineering: Gear ratios and mechanical systems
  • Navigation: Compass bearings and directional calculations

Important Notes

Difference from Reference Angles: Reference angles are always between 0° and 90°, while coterminal angles can be any size but share the same terminal side.

Trigonometric Equivalence: sin(θ) = sin(θ ± 360°k), and the same applies to all trigonometric functions.