(x-h)²/a² + (y-k)²/b² = 1

Ellipse Standard Form Calculator

Convert vertices, center coordinates, or foci to standard ellipse equation form

Calculate Ellipse Standard Form

Enter the coordinates of the four vertices (two on horizontal axis, two on vertical axis):

Horizontal Axis Vertices

Vertical Axis Vertices

Ellipse Standard Form

Standard Form Equation

x²/0² + y²/0² = 1
(0, 0)
Center (h, k)
0.0000
Semi-major axis (a)
0.0000
Semi-minor axis (b)
NaN
Eccentricity (e)
0.0000
Area
0.0000
Focal distance (c)
Vertices (Major Axis)

V₁: (0.00, 0.00)
V₂: (0.00, 0.00)

Co-vertices (Minor Axis)

CV₁: (0.00, 0.00)
CV₂: (0.00, 0.00)

Foci

F₁: (0.00, 0.00)
F₂: (0.00, 0.00)

Orientation

Major axis: Vertical
Shape: Highly elliptical

Ellipse Visualization

Center    Vertices    Co-vertices    Foci

Example Calculation

Example: From Vertices (±13, 0) and (0, ±12)

Horizontal vertices: V₁(-13, 0), V₂(13, 0)

Vertical vertices: V₃(0, -12), V₄(0, 12)

Center: (0, 0) - midpoint of opposite vertices

Step-by-step Solution

1. Calculate semi-major axis: a = |13 - (-13)|/2 = 13

2. Calculate semi-minor axis: b = |12 - (-12)|/2 = 12

3. Since a > b, major axis is horizontal

4. Center is at origin (0, 0)

Standard Form: x²/13² + y²/12² = 1

Standard Form Templates

Horizontal Major Axis

(x-h)²/a² + (y-k)²/b² = 1

When a > b

Vertical Major Axis

(x-h)²/b² + (y-k)²/a² = 1

When a > b

Circle (Special Case)

(x-h)² + (y-k)² = r²

When a = b

Key Relationships

Focal Distance

c² = a² - b²

Eccentricity

e = c/a = √(1 - b²/a²)

Area

A = π × a × b

Quick Tips

Center (h,k) is the midpoint of vertices

Semi-major axis (a) is always ≥ semi-minor axis (b)

Foci lie on the major axis at distance c from center

Eccentricity e = 0 for circle, 0 < e < 1 for ellipse

Sum of distances from any point to foci = 2a

Understanding Ellipse Standard Form

What is Standard Form?

The standard form of an ellipse is a mathematical equation that describes all points on the ellipse. It's written as (x-h)²/A² + (y-k)²/B² = 1, where (h,k) is the center, and A and B are related to the axis lengths.

Key Components

  • (h, k): Center coordinates of the ellipse
  • a: Semi-major axis (longest radius)
  • b: Semi-minor axis (shortest radius)
  • c: Focal distance from center to focus

Converting from Different Inputs

From Vertices

Find center as midpoint, calculate axis lengths as half the distance between opposite vertices

From Center + Axes

Directly substitute values into standard form equation

From Foci + Vertices

Calculate a from vertices, c from foci, then b = √(a² - c²)

Remember: The denominator under x² and y² determines orientation. Larger denominator indicates the direction of the major axis.