Interval Notation Calculator

Convert between interval notation and inequalities with step-by-step explanations

Interval Notation Converter

Common Examples

Inequality to Interval

x < 5
→ (-∞,5)
x ≥ -2
→ [-2,∞)
1 ≤ x < 4
→ [1,4)

Interval to Inequality

[2,7]
→ 2 ≤ x ≤ 7
(-3,∞)
→ -3 < x
(-∞,∞)
→ x ∈ ℝ

Notation Guide

Brackets

[ ]Closed (inclusive)
( )Open (exclusive)

Inequality Symbols

<Less than
Less than or equal
>Greater than
Greater than or equal

Special Cases

Infinity
-∞Negative infinity
All real numbers

Quick Tips

💡

Always use parentheses ( ) with infinity symbols

💡

Square brackets [ ] include the endpoint

💡

Parentheses ( ) exclude the endpoint

💡

The left value must be less than the right value

💡

(-∞,∞) represents all real numbers

Understanding Interval Notation

What is Interval Notation?

Interval notation is a mathematical way to describe sets of real numbers between two endpoints. It provides a concise method to represent ranges of values, which is particularly useful in algebra, calculus, and other mathematical contexts.

Types of Intervals

Closed Interval [a,b]

Includes both endpoints: a ≤ x ≤ b

Open Interval (a,b)

Excludes both endpoints: a < x < b

Half-Open Intervals

[a,b) or (a,b]: One endpoint included, one excluded

How to Read Interval Notation

Step-by-Step Guide

  1. Identify the left bracket: [ (inclusive) or ( (exclusive)
  2. Read the first number (left endpoint)
  3. Note the comma separator
  4. Read the second number (right endpoint)
  5. Identify the right bracket: ] (inclusive) or ) (exclusive)

Example: [2,7)

This represents all real numbers from 2 to 7, including 2 but excluding 7. In inequality form: 2 ≤ x < 7

Special Cases

Unbounded Intervals

  • (-∞,a]: x ≤ a
  • (a,∞): x > a
  • [a,∞): x ≥ a

All Real Numbers

(-∞,∞) represents the entire real line

Empty Set

∅ or represents no solutions