Isosceles Triangle Angles Calculator

Calculate vertex angle and base angles of isosceles triangles with step-by-step solutions

Calculate Isosceles Triangle Angles

Length of the two equal sides

Length of the third side

a (leg)a (leg)b (base)βααVertex angle: βBase angles: α = αSum: α + α + β = 180°

Angle Calculation Results

Enter the required values to calculate the triangle angles.

Example Calculation

Example: Roof Truss Design

Problem: A roof truss forms an isosceles triangle with rafters (legs) of 5m each and a base span of 6m.

Given: Leg length (a) = 5m, Base length (b) = 6m

Find: All angles of the triangle

Solution

Step 1: Calculate vertex angle using Law of Cosines

Formula: cos(β) = (2a² - b²) / (2a²)

Substitute: cos(β) = (2×5² - 6²) / (2×5²) = (50 - 36) / 50 = 0.28

Calculate: β = arccos(0.28) = 73.7°

Step 2: Calculate base angles

Formula: α = (180° - β) / 2 = (180° - 73.7°) / 2 = 53.2°

Result: Vertex angle = 73.7°, Base angles = 53.2° each

Angle Formulas

Vertex Angle from Sides

cos(β) = (2a² - b²) / (2a²)

Base Angles

α = (180° - β) / 2

Angle Sum

α + α + β = 180°

Base from Vertex Angle

b = 2a × sin(β/2)

Triangle Types

Acute Isosceles

Vertex angle < 90°

Right Isosceles

Vertex angle = 90°, Base angles = 45°

Obtuse Isosceles

Vertex angle > 90°

Equilateral

All angles = 60°

Isosceles Triangle Properties

Two sides are equal (legs)

Two base angles are equal

Has one line of symmetry

Height bisects vertex angle and base

Sum of all angles = 180°

Understanding Isosceles Triangle Angles

What Makes This Calculator Special?

This calculator is specifically designed for isosceles triangles and offers three different calculation methods. It takes advantage of the special properties of isosceles triangles, where two sides are equal and two angles are equal.

Key Angle Relationships

  • Base angles are equal: The two angles adjacent to the base are always identical
  • Angle sum is 180°: α + α + β = 180°, so 2α + β = 180°
  • Vertex angle uniqueness: The vertex angle determines the entire triangle shape
  • Special cases: When vertex = 90°, base angles = 45° each

Mathematical Methods

From Side Lengths

Uses the Law of Cosines to find the vertex angle, then calculates base angles using the angle sum property:
cos(β) = (2a² - b²) / (2a²)

From Angles

Uses the relationship that base angles are equal and sum to 180° with the vertex angle:
α = (180° - β) / 2

Trigonometric Relations

Connects angles and sides using sine and cosine functions for complete triangle solutions.

Real-World Applications

Architecture & Construction

Calculate roof angles, truss designs, and architectural elements with symmetric triangular shapes.

Engineering

Design bridges, support structures, and mechanical components with triangular reinforcements.

Education

Learn trigonometry, geometry concepts, and solve homework problems with step-by-step solutions.