Modulo in the Order of Operations

Understand how modulo operations fit into PEMDAS/BODMAS order of operations

Modulo Calculator

The number being divided

The number to divide by (must be non-zero)

Modulo Result

Division by zero is undefined

Modulo in Order of Operations

PEMDAS/BODMAS Order

1. Parentheses/Brackets - Expressions in parentheses first

2. Exponents/Orders - Powers and roots

3. Multiplication, Division, Modulo - Left to right (same precedence)

4. Addition, Subtraction - Left to right (same precedence)

Key Points about Modulo

• Modulo (%) has the same precedence as multiplication and division

• Operations of equal precedence are evaluated left to right

• 2 * 3 % 4 = (2 * 3) % 4 = 6 % 4 = 2

• 3 % 4 * 2 = (3 % 4) * 2 = 3 * 2 = 6

What is Modulo?

The modulo operator (%) returns the remainder after division.

Formula:

a mod n = r

where a = b × n + r

Examples:

• 21 mod 5 = 1 (because 21 = 4 × 5 + 1)

• 23 mod 10 = 3 (because 23 = 2 × 10 + 3)

• 3 mod 10 = 3 (because 3 = 0 × 10 + 3)

Programming vs Mathematics

Programming Languages:

Modulo (%) has same precedence as * and /

2 * 3 % 4 → 6 % 4 → 2

Mathematics:

Sometimes modulo has higher precedence

3 mod 4 * 2 might mean 3 in mod 8

Use parentheses to avoid confusion!

Common Examples

15 % 7 + 2

= 1 + 2 = 3

20 - 8 % 3

= 20 - 2 = 18

(5 + 3) % 4

= 8 % 4 = 0

12 / 3 % 5

= 4 % 5 = 4

Understanding Modulo in Order of Operations

What is the Modulo Operator?

The modulo operator returns the remainder of a division operation. If we divide number 'a' by number 'n', the modulo operation gives us the remainder 'r' where 0 ≤ r < n.

Is Modulo the Same as Division?

No, modulo is related to division but different:

  • 7 ÷ 2 = 3.5 (regular division)
  • 7 // 2 = 3 (integer division)
  • 7 % 2 = 1 (modulo - remainder)

Where is Modulo in PEMDAS?

PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication/Division, Addition/Subtraction) doesn't explicitly include modulo, but most programming languages place it at the same level as multiplication and division.

Precedence Rules

  1. 1. Parentheses: Expressions in parentheses first
  2. 2. Exponents: Powers and roots
  3. 3. Multiplication, Division, Modulo: Equal precedence, left to right
  4. 4. Addition, Subtraction: Equal precedence, left to right