Multiplying Binomials Calculator

Multiply two binomials using the FOIL method with step-by-step solutions

Binomial Multiplication Calculator

Formula

(a₁x + a₀)(b₁x + b₀) = c₂x² + c₁x + c₀
Where c₂ = a₁b₁, c₁ = a₁b₀ + a₀b₁, c₀ = a₀b₀

First Binomial: a₁x + a₀

Coefficient of the variable term

Constant term of the first binomial

Second Binomial: b₁x + b₀

Coefficient of the variable term

Constant term of the second binomial

Example Problems

Example 1: Basic Multiplication

Problem: Multiply (3x - 2)(x + 5)

Solution using FOIL:

  • First: 3x × x = 3x²
  • Outer: 3x × 5 = 15x
  • Inner: -2 × x = -2x
  • Last: -2 × 5 = -10

Combine: 3x² + 15x - 2x - 10 = 3x² + 13x - 10

Example 2: Negative Coefficients

Problem: Multiply (2x + 4)(-x + 3)

Solution using FOIL:

  • First: 2x × (-x) = -2x²
  • Outer: 2x × 3 = 6x
  • Inner: 4 × (-x) = -4x
  • Last: 4 × 3 = 12

Combine: -2x² + 6x - 4x + 12 = -2x² + 2x + 12

Example 3: Perfect Square

Problem: Multiply (x + 3)(x + 3) = (x + 3)²

Solution using FOIL:

  • First: x × x = x²
  • Outer: x × 3 = 3x
  • Inner: 3 × x = 3x
  • Last: 3 × 3 = 9

Combine: x² + 3x + 3x + 9 = x² + 6x + 9

FOIL Method

F - First

Multiply the first terms: a₁x × b₁x = a₁b₁x²

O - Outer

Multiply the outer terms: a₁x × b₀ = a₁b₀x

I - Inner

Multiply the inner terms: a₀ × b₁x = a₀b₁x

L - Last

Multiply the last terms: a₀ × b₀ = a₀b₀

Final Step: Combine like terms to get the quadratic expression.

Key Concepts

Binomial

A polynomial with exactly two terms (e.g., 3x + 2)

Trinomial Result

Multiplying two binomials typically results in a trinomial

Like Terms

Terms with the same variable and exponent that can be combined

Standard Form

ax² + bx + c (quadratic in descending order of powers)

Quick Tips

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Remember FOIL: First, Outer, Inner, Last

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Always combine like terms in the final answer

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Watch signs carefully when multiplying negative terms

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The result is usually a quadratic trinomial

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Practice with simple examples first

Understanding Binomial Multiplication

What are Binomials?

A binomial is a polynomial expression containing exactly two terms connected by addition or subtraction. Examples include 3x + 2, x - 5, and 2y + 7.

The Distributive Property

When multiplying binomials, we use the distributive property: each term in the first binomial must be multiplied by each term in the second binomial.

(a + b)(c + d) = ac + ad + bc + bd

The FOIL Method

FOIL is a mnemonic device that helps remember how to multiply two binomials:

F

First Terms

Multiply the first term of each binomial

O

Outer Terms

Multiply the outermost terms

I

Inner Terms

Multiply the innermost terms

L

Last Terms

Multiply the last term of each binomial

Step-by-Step Process

Step 1

Apply FOIL method to multiply all term combinations

Step 2

Identify and combine like terms (same variable and exponent)

Step 3

Arrange terms in descending order of powers

Step 4

Write the final quadratic expression