Polish Notation Converter

Convert between infix, prefix (Polish), and postfix (Reverse Polish) notations

Polish Notation Operations

Use operators: +, -, *, /, ^, parentheses (), and numbers/variables

Example Conversions

Infix to Prefix Example

Infix: (3 + 4) * 5 - 2

Prefix: - * + 3 4 5 2

Process: Operators come before their operands

Infix to Postfix Example

Infix: (3 + 4) * 5 - 2

Postfix: 3 4 + 5 * 2 -

Process: Operators come after their operands

Evaluation Example

Postfix: 3 4 + 5 * 2 -

Step 1: 3 4 + → 7

Step 2: 7 5 * → 35

Step 3: 35 2 - → 33

Notation Types

I

Infix

a + b

Standard mathematical notation

P

Prefix (Polish)

+ a b

Operators before operands

R

Postfix (RPN)

a b +

Operators after operands

Operator Precedence

^ (Power)3
*, /2
+, -1

Higher numbers = higher precedence

Quick Tips

Polish notation eliminates the need for parentheses

Postfix is used in stack-based calculators

No precedence rules needed in Polish notations

Separate tokens with spaces in Polish expressions

Understanding Polish Notation

What is Polish Notation?

Polish notation, invented by logician Jan Łukasiewicz in 1924, is a mathematical notation that eliminates the need for parentheses and precedence rules. There are two main types: prefix (Polish) and postfix (Reverse Polish) notation.

Key Advantages

  • No parentheses needed
  • No operator precedence confusion
  • Efficient for computer evaluation
  • Unambiguous expression evaluation

Conversion Algorithms

Shunting Yard (Postfix)

Developed by Dijkstra in 1961, this algorithm converts infix to postfix notation using operator precedence and a stack data structure.

Stack-Based Evaluation

Both prefix and postfix expressions can be evaluated efficiently using a stack, making them ideal for computer implementations.

Applications

Used in programming language compilers, calculators (HP calculators), and computer science education for expression parsing.

Infix Notation

Standard mathematical notation

(3 + 4) * 5 - 2

Requires parentheses and precedence rules

Prefix (Polish)

Operators before operands

- * + 3 4 5 2

Evaluated right to left

Postfix (RPN)

Operators after operands

3 4 + 5 * 2 -

Evaluated left to right