Tangent Ratio Calculator

Calculate tangent ratios in right triangles and find angles using trigonometry

Calculate Tangent Ratio

Side opposite to the angle

Side adjacent to the angle

Longest side of the triangle

Tangent Ratio Results

Tangent Ratio
Angle

Example: 3-4-5 Right Triangle

Triangle Sides

Opposite side (a): 3 units

Adjacent side (b): 4 units

Hypotenuse (c): 5 units

Tangent Calculations

For angle α: tan(α) = 3/4 = 0.75

Angle α: arctan(0.75) = 36.87°

For angle β: tan(β) = 4/3 = 1.333

Angle β: arctan(1.333) = 53.13°

Verification: 36.87° + 53.13° = 90°

Right Triangle Elements

θ

Angle

Acute angle (0° < θ < 90°)

O

Opposite

Side opposite to the angle

A

Adjacent

Side adjacent to the angle

H

Hypotenuse

Longest side, opposite to 90°

Special Tangent Values

tan(0°)0
tan(30°)1/√3 ≈ 0.577
tan(45°)1
tan(60°)√3 ≈ 1.732
tan(90°)Undefined

Tangent Ratio Tips

Tangent = Opposite / Adjacent

Only defined for right triangles

Range: 0 to infinity for 0° to 90°

Use arctan to find angle from ratio

Undefined at 90° (infinite slope)

Understanding the Tangent Ratio

What is the Tangent Ratio?

The tangent ratio is a fundamental trigonometric function that relates the angle in a right triangle to the ratio of the opposite side and adjacent side. It's defined as:

tan(θ) = opposite / adjacent

Key Properties

  • Domain: All real numbers except odd multiples of π/2
  • Range: All real numbers (-∞, +∞)
  • Period: π radians (180°)
  • Undefined at 90°, 270°, etc.

Applications

  • Architecture: Calculating roof slopes and ramp angles
  • Navigation: Determining angles of elevation and depression
  • Engineering: Analyzing forces and structural angles
  • Physics: Projectile motion and wave analysis

Calculation Methods

From Sides

Measure opposite and adjacent sides, then divide: tan(θ) = opp/adj

From Angle

Use calculator or table: tan(30°) = 0.577, tan(45°) = 1, etc.

Inverse Tangent

Find angle from ratio: θ = arctan(opposite/adjacent)