Vector Magnitude Calculator

Calculate the magnitude (length) of vectors in 2D, 3D, 4D, and 5D space

Calculate Vector Magnitude

Input Method

Vector Magnitude

Magnitude

0.000000
|v| = 0.000000

Vector Information

Dimension: 2D

Components: (0, 0)

Sum of squares: 0.000000

Square root:0.000000 = 0.000000

Step-by-step Calculation

Formula: |v| = √(x² + y²)
Step 1: Square each component
x² = (0)² = 0.000000
y² = (0)² = 0.000000
Step 2: Add all squares together
0.000000 + 0.000000 = 0.000000
Step 3: Take the square root
|v| = √0.000000 = 0.000000

Example Calculations

2D Vector Example

Vector: v = (3, 4)

Calculation: |v| = √(3² + 4²) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5

Result: The magnitude is 5 units

3D Vector Example

Vector: v = (1, 2, 2)

Calculation: |v| = √(1² + 2² + 2²) = √(1 + 4 + 4) = √9 = 3

Result: The magnitude is 3 units

4D Vector Example

Vector: v = (3, -1, 2, -3)

Calculation: |v| = √(3² + (-1)² + 2² + (-3)²) = √(9 + 1 + 4 + 9) = √23 ≈ 4.796

Result: The magnitude is approximately 4.796 units

Magnitude Formulas

2D Vector

|v| = √(x² + y²)

3D Vector

|v| = √(x² + y² + z²)

n-D Vector

|v| = √(v₁² + v₂² + ... + vₙ²)

Dot Product Form

|v| = √(v · v)

Vector Properties

Non-negative: Magnitude is always ≥ 0

Zero vector: |0| = 0

Unit vector: |û| = 1

Scalar multiple: |kv| = |k| × |v|

Real-World Applications

Physics

Speed (magnitude of velocity), force strength

🎮

Computer Graphics

Distance calculations, normalization

🧮

Machine Learning

Feature vector lengths, similarity measures

🗺️

Navigation

Distance between coordinates

Understanding Vector Magnitude

What is Vector Magnitude?

Vector magnitude, also called the length or norm of a vector, represents the distance from the origin to the point defined by the vector's components. It's always a non-negative scalar value that tells us "how much" of the vector quantity we have.

Mathematical Foundation

The magnitude formula is derived from the Pythagorean theorem extended to multiple dimensions. In any n-dimensional space, the magnitude is the square root of the sum of squares of all components.

|v| = √(v₁² + v₂² + ... + vₙ²)

Physical Interpretation

In physics, vector magnitude often represents measurable quantities:

  • Velocity vector: Speed is the magnitude
  • Force vector: Magnitude shows force strength
  • Displacement vector: Magnitude is distance
  • Electric field vector: Magnitude is field strength

Unit Vectors

A unit vector has magnitude 1 and represents pure direction. Any vector can be normalized to a unit vector by dividing each component by the vector's magnitude: û = v / |v|.