IP Subnet Calculator

Calculate IPv4 network properties, subnet masks, and CIDR notation

Network Configuration

Enter each octet (0-255)

/

Network prefix length (1-32)

Select subnet mask

Network Information

IP Address
192.168.1.1
CIDR Notation
192.168.1.1/24
IP Type
Private
IP Class
Class C
Network Address
192.168.1.0
Broadcast Address
192.168.1.255
First Host
192.168.1.1
Last Host
192.168.1.254
Total Addresses
256
Usable Hosts
254
Wildcard Mask
0.0.0.255
Binary Representations
IP Address: 0-111111.01010111.11111110.11111111
Subnet Mask: 00000000.00000000.000000-1.00000000
IP as Integer
-1062731519
IP as Hexadecimal
0x-3f57feff
in-addr.arpa
1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa
IPv4-mapped IPv6
::ffff:-3f5:7feff
::ffff:192.168.1.1
6to4 Prefix
2002:-3f5:7feff::/48

Common Network Examples

Home Network

Network: 192.168.1.0/24

Hosts: 254 usable

Range: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254

Large Private Network

Network: 10.0.0.0/8

Hosts: 16,777,214 usable

Range: 10.0.0.1 - 10.255.255.254

Medium Private Network

Network: 172.16.0.0/16

Hosts: 65,534 usable

Range: 172.16.0.1 - 172.16.255.254

Small Subnet

Network: 192.168.1.0/26

Hosts: 62 usable

Range: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.62

CIDR Quick Reference

/24254 hosts
/25126 hosts
/2662 hosts
/2730 hosts
/2814 hosts
/296 hosts
/302 hosts

Private IP Ranges

Class A
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
10.0.0.0/8
Class B
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
172.16.0.0/12
Class C
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
192.168.0.0/16

Subnetting Tips

💡

Use /30 for point-to-point links (2 usable hosts)

💡

Reserve network and broadcast addresses

💡

Plan for future growth when choosing subnet sizes

💡

Use private IP ranges for internal networks

Understanding IP Subnetting

What is Subnetting?

Subnetting is the practice of dividing a network into smaller sub-networks (subnets). It helps optimize network performance, improve security, and efficiently use IP address space.

Key Components

  • •Network Address: First address in the subnet
  • •Broadcast Address: Last address in the subnet
  • •Host Range: Usable addresses for devices
  • •Subnet Mask: Defines network vs host portion

CIDR Notation

Format

192.168.1.0/24

  • • IP Address: 192.168.1.0
  • • Prefix Length: /24 (24 network bits)
  • • Host Bits: 32 - 24 = 8 bits
  • • Total Addresses: 2^8 = 256

Calculation Formula

Total Addresses:

2^(32 - CIDR)

Usable Hosts = Total - 2 (network + broadcast)