Vertical Exaggeration Calculator

Calculate vertical exaggeration for topographic maps and 3D visualizations

Vertical Exaggeration Calculator

:

Vertical scale of the map or profile (height scale)

:

Horizontal scale of the map or profile (distance scale)

Results

20.0×
Vertical Exaggeration
Vertical exaggeration
Interpretation
1:200
Vertical Scale
1:4,000
Horizontal Scale

Formula: VE = VS ÷ HS = 0.005000 ÷ 0.000250 = 20.0×

Meaning: Vertical features appear 20.0 times taller than in reality

Recommendations

ℹ️High vertical exaggeration - good for emphasizing elevation changes
ℹ️Vertical scale is larger than horizontal scale

Vertical Exaggeration Formula

Primary Formula

VE = VS ÷ HS

VE: Vertical Exaggeration (e.g., 5×, 10×)

VS: Vertical Scale (as decimal, e.g., 1:200 = 0.005)

HS: Horizontal Scale (as decimal, e.g., 1:4000 = 0.00025)

Rearranged Formulas

Find Vertical Scale: VS = VE × HS

Find Horizontal Scale: HS = VS ÷ VE

Convert Scale Ratio: 1:n = 1/n (as decimal)

Common Applications

Topographic Maps

Emphasize elevation changes

Typical VE: 2× to 10×

Geological Cross-Sections

Show subsurface structures

Typical VE: 5× to 20×

Bathymetric Profiles

Ocean floor visualization

Typical VE: 10× to 50×

3D Terrain Models

Digital elevation models

Typical VE: 1× to 5×

Common Map Scales

1:100 - 1:500

Site plans, detailed surveys

1:1,000 - 1:5,000

Urban mapping, engineering

1:10,000 - 1:25,000

Topographic maps, hiking

1:50,000+

Regional, geological maps

Understanding Vertical Exaggeration

What is Vertical Exaggeration?

  • Definition: Scale technique that emphasizes terrain features by making them appear taller
  • Purpose: Improves readability of raised-relief maps and 3D visualizations
  • Effect: Makes subtle elevation changes more visible to viewers
  • Trade-off: Distorts true terrain proportions for better visualization

When to Use

  • Flat terrain with subtle elevation changes
  • Geological cross-sections and profiles
  • Educational and presentation materials
  • Bathymetric and oceanographic profiles

Interpretation Guide

  • VE > 1: Vertical exaggeration (terrain appears steeper)
  • VE = 1: No exaggeration (true scale)
  • VE < 1: Horizontal exaggeration (terrain appears flatter)

Best Practices

  • Always Disclose: Clearly state the vertical exaggeration used
  • Choose Appropriately: Match exaggeration to your purpose
  • Consider Audience: Scientists vs. general public needs
  • Avoid Extremes: Very high VE can mislead viewers