Acceleration due to Gravity Calculator

Calculate gravitational acceleration on any celestial body using mass and radius

Calculate Gravitational Acceleration

Select a celestial body to use preset values or choose custom to enter your own

Mass of the celestial body

Radius of the celestial body

Gravitational Acceleration Results

0.00
m/s²
0.00
ft/s²
0.000
g (Earth gravity)
0.00 N
Force on 1 kg object
0.00 km/s
Escape velocity

Formula used: g = GM/R²

Input values: Mass: 0.000e+0 kg, Radius: 0.000e+0 m

G (Universal gravitational constant): 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻²

Gravity Analysis

Example Calculation

Earth's Gravitational Acceleration

Mass of Earth: M = 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg

Radius of Earth: R = 6.371 × 10⁶ m

Universal gravitational constant: G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻²

Calculation

g = GM/R²

g = (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹) × (5.972 × 10²⁴) / (6.371 × 10⁶)²

g = 3.986 × 10¹⁴ / 4.058 × 10¹³

g = 9.82 m/s²

Gravity Comparison

Sun274.0 m/s²
Jupiter24.8 m/s²
Earth9.8 m/s²
Mars3.7 m/s²
Moon1.6 m/s²

Physics Facts

Gravity is independent of object mass - all objects fall at the same rate

Gravity decreases with distance squared (inverse square law)

Earth's gravity varies slightly by location due to altitude and density

At Earth's center, gravitational acceleration would be zero

Understanding Acceleration due to Gravity

What is Gravitational Acceleration?

Acceleration due to gravity (g) is the acceleration experienced by any object when falling freely under the influence of gravity alone. It depends only on the mass and radius of the celestial body, not on the mass of the falling object.

Key Characteristics

  • Directed toward the center of the celestial body
  • Independent of the falling object's mass
  • Decreases with altitude (distance from center)
  • Measured in meters per second squared (m/s²)

The Formula

g = GM/R²

  • g: Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
  • G: Universal gravitational constant (6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ m³ kg⁻¹ s⁻²)
  • M: Mass of the celestial body (kg)
  • R: Radius of the celestial body (m)

Note: This formula gives the surface gravity. At different altitudes, replace R with (R + h) where h is the height above the surface.

Applications

Space Exploration

Calculate landing conditions and fuel requirements for different planets

Engineering

Design structures and vehicles for different gravitational environments

Astronomy

Study celestial bodies and their properties using gravity measurements