Aperture Area Calculator

Calculate aperture area, diameter, f-number, and light-gathering power for optical systems

Calculate Aperture Properties

Diameter of the optical aperture

Distance from lens to focal point

f/

Ratio of focal length to aperture diameter

Common F-Number Presets:

Calculation Results

1963.5
Aperture Area (mm²)
19.63
Aperture Area (cm²)
3.043
Aperture Area (in²)
51.0×
Light Gathering vs Human Eye
5.54×
Light Gathering vs f/4

Formulas: A = π(D/2)² = π(f/(2×n))² | n = f/D

• A = π × (50.0/2)² = 1963.5 mm²

Example Calculation

Camera Lens Example

Given: 85mm f/1.8 portrait lens

Find: Aperture area and light-gathering power

Solution

1. Calculate diameter: D = f/n = 85mm / 1.8 = 47.2mm

2. Calculate area: A = π(D/2)² = π(47.2/2)² = 1750.8 mm²

3. Light gathering vs human eye: 1750.8 / 38.5 = 45.5×

Result: 1751 mm² area, 45× more light than human eye

Aperture Concepts

Aperture Area:
Cross-sectional area that determines light-gathering power
F-Number:
Ratio of focal length to aperture diameter (f/n)
Light Gathering:
Larger apertures collect more light (lower f-numbers)
Depth of Field:
Larger apertures create shallower depth of field

Applications

📷
Photography
Camera lens apertures control light and depth of field
🔭
Telescopes
Larger apertures gather more light for faint objects
🔬
Microscopes
Objective lens apertures affect resolution and contrast
🎥
Cinematography
Aperture control for exposure and artistic effects
👁️
Vision Science
Eye pupil diameter affects visual performance

Understanding Aperture Area

What is Aperture Area?

Aperture area is the cross-sectional area of the opening through which light enters an optical system. It directly determines the light-gathering power of telescopes, cameras, and other optical instruments. Larger apertures collect more light, enabling better performance in low-light conditions.

Key Relationships

  • A = π(D/2)² - Area from diameter
  • A = π(f/(2n))² - Area from focal length and f-number
  • n = f/D - F-number relationship
  • Light gathering ∝ Area ∝ D²

Applications & Examples

A = π(D/2)²

  • A: Aperture area (mm², cm², in²)
  • D: Aperture diameter (mm, cm, in)
  • f: Focal length (mm, cm, in)
  • n: F-number (dimensionless)

Photography Tip: Each full f-stop change (e.g., f/2.8 to f/4) halves or doubles the aperture area and light gathering power.

Astronomy Note: Light-gathering power increases with the square of diameter. A 200mm telescope gathers 4× more light than a 100mm telescope.