Barn-Pole Paradox Calculator

Explore special relativity through length contraction and simultaneity

Paradox Parameters

Relativistic velocity (β = v/c = 0.900)

Length of pole in its rest frame

Length of barn in its rest frame

Choose reference frame for detailed analysis

Relativistic Parameters

0.9000
Speed Ratio (β)
2.2942
Lorentz Factor (γ)
269813
Velocity (km/s)
90.00%
% of Light Speed

Rest Frame Lengths

Pole:12.00 m
Barn:6.00 m
Ratio (Pole/Barn):2.00

Contracted Lengths

Pole (in barn frame):5.23 m
Barn (in pole frame):2.62 m

Barn Frame of Reference

Event Timeline

Front enters barn:0 ns
Back enters barn:19.39 ns
Doors close:20.81 ns
Front exits barn:22.24 ns
Back exits barn:41.62 ns

Analysis

Contracted pole length:5.23 m
Pole fits in barn:YES
Containment time:2.85 ns
The pole contracts due to length contraction and can fit inside the barn for a brief moment.

Paradox Resolution

Key Insight: The resolution lies in the relativity of simultaneity.

Barn Frame: The pole contracts and fits in the barn. Both doors can close simultaneously.

Pole Frame: The barn contracts, but more importantly, the door closings are NOT simultaneous. The pole is never entirely contained.

Both perspectives are correct! Events that are simultaneous in one frame are not simultaneous in another moving frame.

Classic Example

Setup

Pole length: 12 meters (rest frame)

Barn length: 6 meters (rest frame)

Velocity: 0.9c (270,000 km/s)

Lorentz factor: γ = 1/√(1-0.9²) = 2.294

Barn Frame Analysis

Contracted pole length: 12m / 2.294 = 5.23m

Result: Pole fits in 6m barn!

Both doors can close simultaneously at t = 20.81 ns

Pole Frame Analysis

Contracted barn length: 6m / 2.294 = 2.62m

Result: 12m pole never fits in 2.62m barn!

Door closings are not simultaneous: Δt = 41.33 ns

Relativity Concepts

1

Length Contraction

L' = L/γ

Objects contract in direction of motion

2

Simultaneity

t' = γ(t - vx/c²)

Events simultaneous in one frame may not be in another

3

Lorentz Factor

γ = 1/√(1-β²)

Measures relativistic effects strength

Key Insights

No absolute reference frame exists

Both perspectives are physically valid

Simultaneity depends on reference frame

Space and time are interwoven

Causality is preserved in all frames

Understanding the Barn-Pole Paradox

The Paradox Setup

A pole longer than a barn moves at relativistic speed through the barn. The question: can the pole fit inside the barn with both doors closed simultaneously?

Two Contradictory Views

  • Barn frame: Pole contracts, fits inside barn
  • Pole frame: Barn contracts, pole never fits
  • Both views seem logically consistent
  • Yet they lead to opposite conclusions

The Resolution

Relativity of Simultaneity

The key insight is that events that are simultaneous in one reference frame are not necessarily simultaneous in another frame moving relative to it.

Resolution: In the barn frame, doors close simultaneously. In the pole frame, they close at different times, so the pole is never completely enclosed.

Mathematical Foundation

The paradox is resolved using the Lorentz transformation, particularly the transformation for time coordinates between different reference frames.

t' = γ(t - vx/c²)

Time transformation between reference frames

Physical Interpretation

The paradox demonstrates fundamental properties of spacetime in special relativity. It shows that space and time are not separate, absolute entities but are interwoven in a four-dimensional spacetime continuum.

Lesson: There is no universal "now" - simultaneity is relative to the observer's state of motion.