Brinell Hardness Number Calculator

Calculate Brinell hardness number (BHN/HBW) from indentation test measurements

Calculate Brinell Hardness Number

Force applied during the test

Diameter of the ball indenter

Diameter of the indentation left

Test Results

0.0
Brinell Hardness (HBW)
0.00
Surface Area (mm²)

Formula used: HBW = 0.1022 × P / A

Surface area: A = π × D × (D - √(D² - d²))

Indentation depth: 0.000 mm

Test Validation

Example Calculation

Steel Specimen Test

Test conditions: HBW 10/3000/15

Applied load: P = 29,420 N (3000 kgf)

Indenter diameter: D = 10 mm

Indentation diameter: d = 3.5 mm

Calculation Steps

1. Calculate surface area:

A = π × 10 × (10 - √(10² - 3.5²)) = π × 10 × (10 - 9.378) = 19.53 mm²

2. Calculate hardness:

HBW = 0.1022 × 29,420 / 19.53 = 153.8 HBW

Typical Hardness Values

Pure Aluminum15 HB
AW-6060 Aluminum75 HB
Copper (Pure)35 HB
Brass (70/30)80 HB
Bronze120 HB
Mild Steel130 HB
Medium Carbon Steel200 HB
High Carbon Steel300 HB
Stainless Steel 304160 HB
Cast Iron (Gray)200 HB

Standard Test Conditions

HBW 2.5/187.5/15

Ball: 2.5 mm

Force: 1840 N

Duration: 15 s

HBW 5/750/15

Ball: 5 mm

Force: 7360 N

Duration: 15 s

HBW 10/3000/15

Ball: 10 mm

Force: 29420 N

Duration: 15 s

Understanding Brinell Hardness Testing

What is Brinell Hardness?

Brinell hardness is a measure of a material's resistance to indentation. The test involves pressing a hardened steel or tungsten carbide ball into the surface of the material under a specified load for a predetermined time.

Test Procedure

  • Apply specified load perpendicular to test surface
  • Maintain load for 14-15 seconds (longer for soft materials)
  • Remove load and measure indentation diameter
  • Calculate hardness using the formula

Mathematical Foundation

HBW = 0.1022 × P / A

Brinell hardness formula

A = π × D × (D - √(D² - d²))

Surface area of indentation

Variables:

  • HBW: Brinell hardness number
  • P: Applied load (N)
  • A: Surface area of indentation (mm²)
  • D: Indenter diameter (mm)
  • d: Indentation diameter (mm)

Applications & Standards

Quality Control

  • • Material acceptance testing
  • • Production quality assurance
  • • Heat treatment verification
  • • Welding inspection

Standards

  • • ISO 6506-1 (Metallic materials)
  • • ASTM E10 (Standard test method)
  • • DIN EN ISO 6506 (European standard)
  • • JIS Z 2243 (Japanese standard)

Material Types

  • • Steels and cast irons
  • • Non-ferrous metals
  • • Sintered materials
  • • Some hard plastics