Car Crash Calculator

Calculate impact forces, g-forces, and collision physics in vehicle crashes

Calculate Car Crash Impact Force

kg

Average adult mass is 70 kg

Speed just before impact

Safety Features

Impact Force Results

60.8
Impact Force (kN)
88.5
G-Force (g)
9.6
Stopping Time (ms)
6.2
Equivalent Weight (tonnes)

Formula used: F = mv²/(2d)

Speed: 8.3 m/s

Stopping distance: 4.0 cm

Safety factor: No seat belt - extreme danger

Peak deceleration: 868 m/s²

Safety Analysis

🚨EXTREME DANGER: G-force above 50g can be fatal. WEAR A SEATBELT!
💡 Key insight: A seatbelt would reduce this force by about 80% by increasing stopping distance to 20cm

Example Calculation

70 kg Driver at 30 km/h Without Seatbelt

Initial speed: 30 km/h = 8.33 m/s

Stopping distance: 4 cm (hits windshield/steering wheel)

Kinetic energy: ½mv² = ½ × 70 × 8.33² = 2,430 J

Impact Calculation

F = mv²/(2d) = 70 × 8.33²/(2 × 0.04)

F = 70 × 69.39/0.08

F = 60,590 N = 60.6 kN

G-force = 60,590/(70 × 9.81) = 88.3g

Equivalent weight = 6.2 tonnes pressing on chest!

With Seatbelt (20 cm stopping distance)

F = 70 × 8.33²/(2 × 0.20) = 12,118 N = 12.1 kN

G-force = 17.7g (80% reduction!)

Equivalent weight = 1.2 tonnes

Physics Principles

F

Impact Force

F = mv²/(2d)

Work-energy theorem

t

Stopping Time

t = mv/F

Impulse-momentum theorem

g

G-Force

g = F/(m × 9.81)

Acceleration relative to gravity

Crash Safety Facts

🚗

Seat belts reduce death rates by 45%

🛡️

Airbags provide additional 20cm stopping distance

Most crash injuries occur in first 10-20 milliseconds

📏

Crumple zones increase stopping distance by 50-100cm

🏥

Forces above 60g for >3ms can be fatal (NHTSA)

Understanding Car Crash Physics

What Happens During a Crash?

In a car crash, the vehicle stops almost instantly, but occupants continue moving at the original speed due to inertia. The impact force depends on how quickly they decelerate - the shorter the stopping distance, the greater the force.

Why Distance Matters

  • Without seatbelt: Body hits steering wheel/windshield (4cm stopping distance)
  • With seatbelt: Body stretches seatbelt material (20cm stopping distance)
  • 5× longer distance = 5× less force (inverse relationship)

The Physics Behind Impact

F = mv²/(2d)

Work-Energy Theorem

  • F: Average impact force (Newtons)
  • m: Mass of person/object (kg)
  • v: Initial velocity before crash (m/s)
  • d: Stopping distance during collision (m)

Key Insight: Force increases with the square of velocity - doubling speed means 4× more force, not 2×!

G-Force and Human Tolerance

1-5g
Survivable
Roller coasters, racing
5-20g
Dangerous
Possible injury
20-50g
Severe
Life-threatening
>50g
Fatal
Often lethal