Centripetal Force Calculator

Calculate centripetal force required for circular motion using mass, velocity, and radius

Calculate Centripetal Force

Mass of the object in circular motion

Radius of the circular path

Tangential velocity of the object

Centripetal Force Results

0.00
Centripetal Force (N)
0.00
Acceleration (m/s²)
0.000
Angular Velocity (rad/s)
0.00
Period (s)

Formula used: F = mv²/r

Input values: m = 0.000 kg, v = 0.00 m/s, r = 0.000 m

RPM: 0.0 rpm

Force Analysis

Example Calculation

Car on Circular Track

Car mass: 2,000 kg

Speed: 45 km/h (12.5 m/s)

Track radius: 10 m

Calculation

F = mv²/r

F = 2000 × (12.5)² / 10

F = 2000 × 156.25 / 10

F = 31,250 N

Centripetal vs Centrifugal

Centripetal Force

Inward force (real)

Required for circular motion

Centrifugal Force

Outward force (fictitious)

Felt in rotating frame

Sources of Centripetal Force

Gravitational force (planetary orbits)

Friction (car turning on road)

Tension (ball on a string)

Normal force (banked curves)

Magnetic force (charged particles)

Understanding Centripetal Force

What is Centripetal Force?

Centripetal force is the inward force required to keep an object moving in a circular path. It always points toward the center of the circular motion and is responsible for continuously changing the direction of the object's velocity, even if the speed remains constant.

Key Characteristics

  • Always points toward the center of circular motion
  • Perpendicular to the velocity vector
  • Does no work (force ⊥ displacement)
  • Required for any curved motion

Mathematical Formulas

F = mv²/r

F = mω²r

a = v²/r

  • F: Centripetal force (Newtons)
  • m: Mass of the object (kg)
  • v: Linear velocity (m/s)
  • ω: Angular velocity (rad/s)
  • r: Radius of circular path (m)
  • a: Centripetal acceleration (m/s²)

Real-World Examples

Earth's Orbit

Gravitational force provides centripetal force

Car on Curve

Friction between tires and road

Satellite Motion

Earth's gravity keeps satellites in orbit

Newton's Laws Connection

First Law

Without centripetal force, object moves in straight line

Second Law

F = ma relates force to centripetal acceleration

Third Law

Equal and opposite reaction (centrifugal effect)