Free Fall Velocity Calculator

Calculate the velocity reached by objects during free fall using time, height, or initial conditions

Calculate Free Fall Velocity

Duration of the free fall motion

m/s

Starting velocity (0 for objects dropped from rest)

m/s²

Gravitational acceleration (9.80665 m/s² for Earth)

Unit for displaying the calculated velocity

Free Fall Velocity Results

0.00
Velocity (m/s)
0.00
Fall Time (s)
0.00
Height (m)

Formula used:v = v₀ + gt

Input values: Time: 0.00s, Initial velocity: 0m/s, Gravity: 9.80665m/s²

Velocity in m/s: 0.0000 m/s

Physics Analysis

Example Calculations

10-Second Fall from Rest

Given: t = 10s, v₀ = 0 m/s, g = 9.80665 m/s²

Formula: v = v₀ + gt

Calculation: v = 0 + 9.80665 × 10

Result: v = 98.07 m/s

100-Meter Drop

Given: h = 100 m, v₀ = 0 m/s, g = 9.80665 m/s²

Formula: v = √(2gh)

Calculation: v = √(2 × 9.80665 × 100)

Result: v = 44.29 m/s

Moon Gravity (5 seconds)

Given: t = 5s, v₀ = 0 m/s, g = 1.625 m/s²

Formula: v = gt

Calculation: v = 1.625 × 5

Result: v = 8.13 m/s

Free Fall Velocity Equations

Velocity from Time

v = v₀ + gt

When fall time is known

Velocity from Height

v = √(v₀² + 2gh)

When fall height is known

Velocity (No Initial)

v = √(2gh) = gt

For objects dropped from rest

Energy Conservation

½mv² = ½mv₀² + mgh

Alternative derivation

Velocity References

Common velocity references for perspective:

Walking speed:~1.4 m/s
Running speed:~5-10 m/s
Car (city):~14 m/s (50 km/h)
Car (highway):~28 m/s (100 km/h)
Commercial airplane:~250 m/s
Sound (air, 20°C):343 m/s

Terminal Velocity

Real objects reach terminal velocity due to air resistance:

Human (belly-to-earth):~56 m/s
Human (head-down):~89 m/s
Cat:~27 m/s
Raindrop:~9 m/s
Tennis ball:~31 m/s
Bowling ball:~83 m/s

Note: This calculator ignores air resistance for simplified physics calculations

Understanding Free Fall Velocity

What is Free Fall Velocity?

Free fall velocity is the speed an object reaches when falling under the influence of gravity alone. In a vacuum, all objects accelerate at the same rate regardless of their mass, reaching higher velocities the longer they fall or the farther they drop.

Key Physics Principles

  • Velocity increases linearly with time (v = v₀ + gt)
  • Velocity depends on fall height (v = √(v₀² + 2gh))
  • Mass doesn't affect free fall velocity in vacuum
  • Real objects reach terminal velocity due to air resistance

Formula Derivations

From Acceleration

Starting with: a = g (constant)

Integrating: v = v₀ + gt

This gives velocity from time

From Energy Conservation

Kinetic energy: ½mv² - ½mv₀²

Potential energy: mgh

Conservation: ½mv² = ½mv₀² + mgh

Therefore: v = √(v₀² + 2gh)

Practical Applications

  • Physics Education: Understanding kinematics and energy
  • Engineering: Designing safety systems and impact analysis
  • Sports: Analyzing diving, jumping, and ball sports
  • Space Science: Calculating re-entry velocities

Real-World Considerations

  • ⚠️Air Resistance: Limits maximum velocity (terminal velocity)
  • ⚠️Object Shape: Affects drag coefficient and terminal velocity
  • ⚠️Altitude Effects: Air density and gravity change with height
  • ⚠️Safety: High velocities can cause severe damage