Generator Power Calculator

Calculate electrical power requirements for generators with AC and DC supply types

Calculate Generator Power Requirements

Single phase AC: 2 wires (live + neutral), domestic use

A

Sum of current ratings of all connected devices

V

Voltage rating from device specifications

Ratio of real to apparent power (typically 0.8 for generators)

%

Motor efficiency for horsepower calculation (typical: 80-95%)

Example Calculation

Home Backup Generator

Supply type: AC Single Phase

Total current: 50 A (sum of all appliances)

Supply voltage: 240 V

Power factor: 0.8

Motor efficiency: 85%

Results

Apparent power: S = 240V × 50A = 12.0 kVA

Real power: P = 240V × 50A × 0.8 = 9.6 kW

Motor horsepower: HP = (9.6 × 0.85) / 0.746 = 10.9 HP

Recommendation: 12-15 kW generator with 20% safety margin

Power Supply Types

Single Phase AC

Domestic applications

2 wires: live + neutral

Three Phase AC

Industrial motors

3 live wires + neutral

DC

Direct Current

Battery systems

Steady voltage level

Generator Sizing Guide

Portable (1-5 kW)

Camping, small tools, emergency lighting

Home Backup (5-20 kW)

Essential appliances, partial home power

Whole House (20-50 kW)

All appliances, HVAC systems

Commercial (50+ kW)

Industrial equipment, large facilities

Understanding Generator Power Calculations

How Generators Work

An electrical generator converts chemical energy (fuel) into electrical power through multiple stages: chemical → thermal → mechanical → electrical energy. The mechanical energy rotates coils in a magnetic field, generating electrical current through electromagnetic induction.

Power Types

Apparent Power (kVA) is the product of voltage and current without considering phase relationships. Real Power (kW) is the actual usable power, calculated using the power factor which accounts for the phase difference between voltage and current in AC circuits.

Applications

  • Emergency power for homes and offices
  • Construction sites and remote locations
  • Hospital and critical facility backup
  • Outdoor events and recreational activities

Key Formulas

Single Phase AC

Apparent Power: S = V × I (kVA)

Real Power: P = V × I × PF (kW)

Three Phase AC

Apparent Power: S = √3 × V × I (kVA)

Real Power: P = √3 × V × I × PF (kW)

Direct Current

Power: P = V × I (kW)

No apparent power or power factor

Motor Horsepower

HP = (P × η) / 0.746

where η is efficiency (0-1)

Sizing Tip: Always add 20-25% safety margin to calculated power requirements when selecting a generator to account for starting currents and future load additions.