Ideal Gas Law Calculator
Calculate pressure, volume, moles, or temperature using the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT
Ideal Gas Law Calculation
Calculated Pressure
Formula used: PV = nRT
Gas constant R: 8.31446 J/(mol·K)
Gas Law Relationships
Boyle's Law
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ (constant T, n)
Charles's Law
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂ (constant P, n)
Gay-Lussac's Law
P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂ (constant V, n)
Example Calculation
Find Pressure
Given:
• Volume: 1 m³
• Amount: 0.1 mol
• Temperature: 50°C (323.15 K)
Solution
P = nRT/V
P = (0.1)(8.314)(323.15)/1
P = 268.7 Pa
or 0.00265 atm
Ideal Gas Conditions
Large number of molecules moving randomly
Molecules are point particles (no volume)
No intermolecular forces except collisions
All collisions are perfectly elastic
Particles obey Newton's laws of motion
Important Constants
Gas Constant (R)
8.31446 J/(mol·K)
Universal constant
Standard Conditions
STP: 0°C, 1 atm
273.15 K, 101325 Pa
Avogadro's Number
6.022 × 10²³ /mol
Particles per mole
Understanding the Ideal Gas Law
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation that describes the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and the amount of substance for an ideal gas. It combines several gas laws into one comprehensive equation: PV = nRT.
When to Use It
- •Low pressure conditions (gases behave more ideally)
- •High temperature conditions
- •When intermolecular forces are negligible
- •For educational and approximate calculations
Equation Variables
PV = nRT
- P: Pressure (Pa, atm, bar, etc.)
- V: Volume (m³, L, mL, etc.)
- n: Amount of substance (mol)
- R: Gas constant (8.314 J/mol·K)
- T: Temperature (K, °C, °F)
Important: Always use consistent units. The gas constant R = 8.314 J/mol·K requires pressure in Pa, volume in m³, and temperature in K.