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Psychrometric Calculator

Calculate comprehensive properties of moist air for HVAC, meteorology, and atmospheric analysis

Calculate Psychrometric Properties

Atmospheric pressure: 1013.3 hPa

Ambient air temperature

%

Percentage of saturation

🏠 Comfort Assessment

Generally comfortable conditions

Temperature Properties

25.0
Dry Bulb (°C)
19.5
Wet Bulb (°C)
-18.6
Dew Point (°C)
1013.3
Pressure (hPa)

Humidity Properties

60.0
Relative Humidity (%)
0.0009
Humidity Ratio (kg/kg)
59.9
Degree of Saturation (%)
1.42
Vapor Pressure (hPa)

Air Properties

0.001
Specific Volume (m³/kg)
27.4
Enthalpy (kJ/kg)
1182.47
Density (kg/m³)

Key Formulas Used

Humidity Ratio: ω = 0.6219 × Pv / (Pa - Pv)

Relative Humidity: φ = Pv / Ps × 100%

Enthalpy: h = 1.006 × Tdb + ω × (2499.86 + 1.84 × Tdb)

Specific Volume: v = 0.287 × (Tdb + 273.15) × (1 + 1.608 × ω) / Pa

Example Calculation

HVAC Design Conditions

Location: Office building at 100m altitude

Dry Bulb Temperature: 25°C (77°F)

Relative Humidity: 60%

Atmospheric Pressure: 1002 hPa

Calculated Properties

1. Saturated vapor pressure at 25°C: 31.69 hPa

2. Partial vapor pressure: 0.6 × 31.69 = 19.01 hPa

3. Humidity ratio: 0.6219 × 19.01 / (1002 - 19.01) = 0.0120 kg/kg

4. Dew point: 16.7°C

5. Enthalpy: 55.5 kJ/kg

Result: Comfortable conditions for office environment

Psychrometric Terms

Dry Bulb Temperature

Ambient air temperature measured by thermometer

Wet Bulb Temperature

Lowest temperature achievable by evaporative cooling

Dew Point

Temperature at which condensation begins

Humidity Ratio

Mass of water vapor per mass of dry air

Comfort Guidelines

Optimal Comfort

20-24°C, 40-60% RH

Acceptable

18-26°C, 30-70% RH

Humidity Issues

<30% or >70% RH

Uncomfortable

<18°C or >26°C

Applications

🏠

HVAC system design & control

🏭

Industrial drying processes

🌾

Agricultural storage conditions

🌤️

Meteorological analysis

🍃

Indoor air quality assessment

Understanding Psychrometric Properties

What is Psychrometry?

Psychrometry is the science of moist air - studying the thermodynamic properties of gas-vapor mixtures. It's essential for HVAC design, industrial processes, and understanding atmospheric conditions.

Key Properties

  • Dry Bulb Temperature: Actual air temperature
  • Wet Bulb Temperature: Adiabatic saturation temperature
  • Dew Point: Saturation temperature at constant pressure
  • Humidity Ratio: Mass of water per mass of dry air

HVAC Applications

Psychrometric calculations are fundamental for designing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. They help determine cooling loads, ventilation requirements, and energy consumption.

Industry Standards

  • ASHRAE (American Society of HVAC Engineers)
  • ISO 7730 (Thermal comfort standards)
  • Psychrometric charts for various pressures
  • Building energy modeling requirements

Mathematical Relationships

ω = 0.6219 × Pv / (Pa - Pv)

Humidity ratio from vapor pressure

φ = Pv / Ps × 100%

Relative humidity definition

h = 1.006×Tdb + ω×(2499.86 + 1.84×Tdb)

Enthalpy of moist air

v = 0.287×(Tdb+273.15)×(1+1.608×ω)/Pa

Specific volume calculation

Constants:
• 0.6219 (ratio of molecular weights)
• 1.006 kJ/(kg·K) (specific heat of dry air)
• 2499.86 kJ/kg (latent heat at 0°C)
Pressure Relations:
• Pa = atmospheric pressure
• Pv = partial vapor pressure
• Ps = saturated vapor pressure
Applications:
• Air conditioning load calculations
• Ventilation system design
• Industrial drying processes