Rockwell Hardness Conversion Calculator
Calculate and convert Rockwell hardness across different scales and materials
Hardness Analysis Configuration
Scale B (HRB): Steel ball indenter, 100 kgf load
Indenter: 1/16" steel ball | Load: 100 kgf | Range: 20-100 HRB
Calculate Rockwell Hardness
Hardness Calculation Results
Calculation Details
Formula: HRB = 130 - 500 × d
Scale: Scale B (HRB)
Indenter: 1/16" steel ball
Applied Load: 100 kgf
Example: Rockwell B Hardness
Given Values
Indentation Depth (d): 0.1 mm
Scale: B (HRB)
Formula: HRB = 130 - 500 × d
Calculation Steps
HRB = 130 - 500 × 0.1
HRB = 130 - 50
HRB = 80
Result
The Rockwell B hardness number is 80 HRB, indicating a moderately hard material suitable for many engineering applications.
Rockwell Scales
Typical Hardness Ranges
Hardness Standards
Testing Tips
Use Scale B for softer materials (copper, aluminum)
Use Scale C for harder materials (steel, cast iron)
Ensure proper specimen preparation
Maintain consistent testing conditions
Consider material-specific conversion factors
Understanding Rockwell Hardness Testing
What is Rockwell Hardness?
Rockwell hardness testing measures a material's resistance to plastic deformation by measuring the depth of penetration of an indenter under specific loading conditions. Unlike other hardness scales, Rockwell hardness is dimensionless and provides quick, reliable results for quality control.
Test Procedure
1. Apply minor preload (10 kgf)
2. Apply major load (varies by scale)
3. Remove major load, maintain preload
4. Measure permanent indentation depth
5. Calculate hardness: HR = N - h × d
Scale Selection Guide
Scale B (HRB)
Steel ball indenter, 100 kgf load
Best for: Copper alloys, soft steels, aluminum
Scale C (HRC)
Diamond cone, 150 kgf load
Best for: Hard steels, cast iron, tool steels
Scale A (HRA)
Diamond cone, 60 kgf load
Best for: Cemented carbides, thin materials
Hardness Conversion
Brinell Hardness (HBS)
Steel ball indenter, measures impression area
Vickers Hardness (HV)
Diamond pyramid, universal scale
ISO E140 Standard
International conversion tables
Engineering Applications
Quality Control
Production line testing and material verification
Material Selection
Design optimization and specification
Heat Treatment
Process control and validation