Spring Calculator

Calculate spring force, displacement, and spring constant for compression and torsion springs

Spring Calculator

mm
N/m

Compression Spring Results

0.00
Force (N)
0.00
Displacement (mm)
0.00
Spring Constant (N/m)

Hooke's Law: F = k × Δx

Elastic Potential Energy: U = 0.0000 J

Spring Design Parameters

mm
cm
GPa

Steel: 80 GPa, Stainless: 77 GPa

mm

Design Results

Calculated Spring Constant:
0.00 N/m
Spring Index (C):
0.00

Spring Rate Formula: k = (G × d⁴) / (8 × D³ × Nₐ)

Spring Types

Compression Springs

Designed to work under compression force. Store energy when compressed.

Tension Springs

Designed to work under pulling force. Store energy when stretched.

Torsion Springs

Experience rotational force. Store energy when twisted.

Key Formulas

Hooke's Law

F = k × Δx

Spring Rate

k = (G × d⁴) / (8 × D³ × Nₐ)

Torsion

M = k × α

Elastic Energy

U = ½ × k × x²

Design Tips

Spring index (C = D/d) should be 5-10 for easy manufacturing

Higher spring constant means stiffer spring

Use appropriate end types for compression springs

Consider fatigue life for cyclic loading

Understanding Springs

What is a Spring?

A spring is a mechanical device that stores energy while deforming its shape when a force or torque is applied. Springs can store elastic potential energy and release it when the applied force is removed.

Hooke's Law

The fundamental principle governing spring behavior is Hooke's Law, which states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement.

F = -k × Δx

  • F: Applied force (Newtons)
  • k: Spring constant (N/m)
  • Δx: Displacement (meters)

Spring Design Parameters

  • Wire Diameter (d): Thickness of the spring wire
  • Mean Diameter (D): Average diameter of the spring coil
  • Active Coils (Na): Number of coils that deform under load
  • Free Length (L₀): Length with no applied load
  • Spring Index (C): Ratio D/d for manufacturability

Material Properties

Steel (Shear Modulus):80 GPa
Stainless Steel:77 GPa
Steel (Elastic Modulus):200 GPa
Stainless (Elastic Modulus):193 GPa

Spring Applications

Compression Springs

  • • Automotive suspension
  • • Mattresses and furniture
  • • Valve springs
  • • Pen mechanisms

Tension Springs

  • • Garage door springs
  • • Trampolines
  • • Screen door closers
  • • Exercise equipment

Torsion Springs

  • • Clothespins
  • • Mousetraps
  • • Watch mechanisms
  • • Door hinges