Spring Calculator
Calculate spring force, displacement, and spring constant for compression and torsion springs
Spring Calculator
Compression Spring Results
Hooke's Law: F = k × Δx
Elastic Potential Energy: U = 0.0000 J
Spring Design Parameters
Steel: 80 GPa, Stainless: 77 GPa
Design Results
Spring Rate Formula: k = (G × d⁴) / (8 × D³ × Nₐ)
Spring Types
Compression Springs
Designed to work under compression force. Store energy when compressed.
Tension Springs
Designed to work under pulling force. Store energy when stretched.
Torsion Springs
Experience rotational force. Store energy when twisted.
Key Formulas
Hooke's Law
F = k × Δx
Spring Rate
k = (G × d⁴) / (8 × D³ × Nₐ)
Torsion
M = k × α
Elastic Energy
U = ½ × k × x²
Design Tips
Spring index (C = D/d) should be 5-10 for easy manufacturing
Higher spring constant means stiffer spring
Use appropriate end types for compression springs
Consider fatigue life for cyclic loading
Understanding Springs
What is a Spring?
A spring is a mechanical device that stores energy while deforming its shape when a force or torque is applied. Springs can store elastic potential energy and release it when the applied force is removed.
Hooke's Law
The fundamental principle governing spring behavior is Hooke's Law, which states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement.
F = -k × Δx
- F: Applied force (Newtons)
- k: Spring constant (N/m)
- Δx: Displacement (meters)
Spring Design Parameters
- •Wire Diameter (d): Thickness of the spring wire
- •Mean Diameter (D): Average diameter of the spring coil
- •Active Coils (Na): Number of coils that deform under load
- •Free Length (L₀): Length with no applied load
- •Spring Index (C): Ratio D/d for manufacturability
Material Properties
Spring Applications
Compression Springs
- • Automotive suspension
- • Mattresses and furniture
- • Valve springs
- • Pen mechanisms
Tension Springs
- • Garage door springs
- • Trampolines
- • Screen door closers
- • Exercise equipment
Torsion Springs
- • Clothespins
- • Mousetraps
- • Watch mechanisms
- • Door hinges