Wien's Law Calculator

Calculate peak wavelength and temperature using Wien's displacement law for blackbody radiation

Calculate Using Wien's Displacement Law

Absolute temperature of the blackbody

Wien's Law Results

Example: Solar Surface Temperature

Solar Observation

Peak wavelength: λ_max ≈ 501.7 nm (green-blue)

Observed spectrum: Maximum emission in visible light

Wien's displacement constant: b = 2.8977719 × 10⁻³ m·K

Temperature Calculation

T = b / λ_max

T = (2.8977719 × 10⁻³) / (501.7 × 10⁻⁹)

T = 2.8977719 × 10⁻³ / 5.017 × 10⁻⁷

Solar Surface Temperature ≈ 5,776 K (5,503°C)

Stellar Classification

Red dwarf (M-class)
3000 K
Orange dwarf (K-class)
4500 K
Sun (G-class)
5778 K
White dwarf (F-class)
7000 K
Blue giant (B-class)
15000 K
Blue supergiant (O-class)
30000 K
Click on any star type to use its temperature

Wien's Law Constants

Wien's displacement constant (b)
2.8977719 × 10⁻³ m·K
Frequency constant (k)
5.8789232 × 10¹⁰ Hz/K
Speed of light (c)
299,792,458 m/s

EM Spectrum Regions

Radio waves> 1 m
Microwave1 mm - 1 m
Infrared750 nm - 1 mm
Visible light400 - 750 nm
Ultraviolet10 - 400 nm
X-rays0.01 - 10 nm
Gamma rays< 0.01 nm

Understanding Wien's Displacement Law

What is Wien's Law?

Wien's displacement law describes the relationship between the temperature of a blackbody and the wavelength at which it emits the most radiation. It states that the peak wavelength is inversely proportional to temperature - hotter objects emit light at shorter wavelengths.

Key Applications

  • Stellar temperature determination from color
  • Thermal imaging and infrared astronomy
  • Incandescent lighting design
  • Climate science and Earth's energy balance

Mathematical Formulas

λ_max = b/T

f_max = k × T

  • λ_max: Peak wavelength (meters)
  • f_max: Peak frequency (Hz)
  • T: Absolute temperature (Kelvin)
  • b: Wien's displacement constant (2.898×10⁻³ m·K)
  • k: Frequency constant (5.879×10¹⁰ Hz/K)

Important: Wien's law applies to ideal blackbodies, but provides good approximations for real objects like stars and heated materials.

Color and Temperature Relationship

Wien's law explains why hot objects glow in different colors. As temperature increases, the peak wavelength shifts to shorter wavelengths (blue shift), explaining why cooler stars appear red while hotter stars appear blue-white.

Red Hot

~800-1200 K

Peak: ~3000 nm

Yellow Hot

~5000-6000 K

Peak: ~500 nm

Blue Hot

~10000-30000 K

Peak: ~100-300 nm

UV Hot

> 30000 K

Peak: < 100 nm