Dispersion Calculator

Calculate measures of dispersion to understand the spread and variability of your data

Calculate Statistical Dispersion

Select whether your data represents a sample or entire population

Enter at least 2 values. Separate values with commas, spaces, semicolons, or new lines.

Example Calculation

Sample Data: Student Test Scores

Data values: 85, 88, 92, 78, 95, 82, 90, 87, 91, 89

Sample size (n): 10

Data type: Sample

Key Results

Mean: 87.7

Standard Deviation: 4.97

Variance: 24.68

Range: 17 (95 - 78)

IQR: 6.25 (90.25 - 84)

Dispersion Measures

σ

Standard Deviation

Most common measure

Shows average distance from mean

σ²

Variance

Square of standard deviation

Measures variability

R

Range

Max - Min

Simple spread measure

IQR

Interquartile Range

Q3 - Q1

Middle 50% spread

Interpretation Tips

Higher values indicate more spread out data

Standard deviation is in same units as data

IQR is resistant to outliers

Use sample formula (n-1) for sample data

Understanding Statistical Dispersion

What is Dispersion?

Statistical dispersion measures how spread out or scattered data points are around the central tendency (mean, median). It tells you whether data points are clustered closely together or spread across a wide range.

Why Calculate Dispersion?

  • Understand data variability and reliability
  • Compare spread between different datasets
  • Identify outliers and data quality issues
  • Make informed decisions based on data consistency

Key Formulas

Variance

Population: σ² = Σ(x - μ)² / N

Sample: s² = Σ(x - x̄)² / (n - 1)

Standard Deviation

σ = √(variance)

Range & IQR

Range = Max - Min

IQR = Q3 - Q1