Weibull Distribution Calculator

Calculate probabilities, PDF, CDF, quantiles, and statistics for Weibull distribution

Distribution Parameters

Controls the spread of the distribution (λ > 0)

Controls the shape of the distribution (k > 0)

Results

63.21%
P(X ≤ 1) = 0.632121

Distribution: Weibull(λ=1, k=1)

PDF: f(x) = (k/λ)(x/λ)^(k-1) × e^(-(x/λ)^k) for x ≥ 0

CDF: F(x) = 1 - e^(-(x/λ)^k) for x ≥ 0

Mean: μ = λΓ(1 + 1/k) = 0.960

Variance: σ² = λ²[Γ(1 + 2/k) - Γ²(1 + 1/k)] = 1.025

Distribution Shape

k = 1: Exponential distribution, constant hazard rate

Example Calculation

Component Lifetime Analysis

Scenario: Electronic component failure analysis

Scale Parameter (λ): 1000 hours (characteristic lifetime)

Shape Parameter (k): 2.5 (increasing failure rate)

Question: What's the probability a component lasts more than 800 hours?

Solution

P(X > 800) = 1 - F(800) = 1 - [1 - e^(-(800/1000)^2.5)]

P(X > 800) = e^(-(0.8)^2.5) = e^(-0.595) ≈ 0.552

Answer: 55.2% probability the component lasts more than 800 hours

Weibull Properties

λ

Scale Parameter

Controls spread and characteristic value

k

Shape Parameter

Controls distribution shape and skewness

Versatile

Can model many distribution shapes

Common Applications

Reliability Engineering:
Component failure analysis, lifetime modeling
Survival Analysis:
Medical survival times, duration modeling
Weather Modeling:
Wind speed distributions, extreme values
Quality Control:
Process capability, defect analysis
Materials Science:
Fatigue analysis, stress testing

Understanding the Weibull Distribution

What is the Weibull Distribution?

The Weibull distribution is a versatile continuous probability distribution widely used in reliability engineering, survival analysis, and extreme value statistics. It was named after Swedish mathematician Waloddi Weibull who described it in 1951.

Key Parameters

  • Scale Parameter (λ): Characteristic lifetime or scale
  • Shape Parameter (k): Controls distribution shape
  • Support: x ≥ 0 (non-negative values only)
  • Flexibility: Can model various hazard rates

Shape Parameter Effects

  • k < 1: Decreasing hazard rate (infant mortality)
  • k = 1: Constant hazard rate (exponential distribution)
  • k > 1: Increasing hazard rate (wear-out failures)
  • k = 2: Rayleigh distribution
  • k ≈ 3.6: Approximately normal distribution

Reliability Tip: The Weibull distribution is particularly valuable in reliability engineering because it can model different failure patterns through its shape parameter.

Mathematical Formulas

Probability Density Function

f(x) = (k/λ)(x/λ)^(k-1) × e^(-(x/λ)^k)

Cumulative Distribution Function

F(x) = 1 - e^(-(x/λ)^k)

Mean

μ = λ × Γ(1 + 1/k)

Quantile Function

Q(p) = λ × [-ln(1-p)]^(1/k)