Horizontal Projectile Motion Calculator

Calculate time of flight, range, and trajectory for objects launched horizontally

Calculate Horizontal Projectile Motion

m/s

Horizontal launch velocity (no vertical component)

m

Height above ground level

m/s²

Earth: 9.81 m/s², Moon: 1.62 m/s², Mars: 3.71 m/s²

Projectile Motion Results

0.00
Time of Flight (s)
0.00
Range (m)
0.00
Final Velocity (m/s)
0.0°
Impact Angle

Key Formulas:

• Time of Flight: t = √(2h/g)

• Range: x = v × t

• Trajectory: y = h - (g×x²)/(2×v²)

Physics Analysis

Example: Ball from Eiffel Tower

Problem Setup

Scenario: A ball is thrown horizontally from the Eiffel Tower's observation deck

Initial velocity: 7 m/s (horizontal)

Height: 276 m (observation deck)

Gravity: 9.81 m/s² (Earth)

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Time of flight: t = √(2h/g) = √(2×276/9.81) = √56.27 = 7.50 s

2. Horizontal range: x = v×t = 7×7.50 = 52.5 m

3. Final vertical velocity: vy = g×t = 9.81×7.50 = 73.6 m/s

4. Final velocity: v = √(vx² + vy²) = √(7² + 73.6²) = 73.9 m/s

5. Impact angle: θ = arctan(73.6/7) = 84.6° below horizontal

Quick Scenarios

Basketball Shot

Velocity: 8 m/s
Height: 2 m

Ball from Balcony

Velocity: 5 m/s
Height: 10 m

Eiffel Tower Drop

Velocity: 7 m/s
Height: 276 m

Airplane Drop

Velocity: 100 m/s
Height: 1000 m

Physics Principles

H

Horizontal Motion

Constant velocity (no acceleration)

V

Vertical Motion

Free fall with gravitational acceleration

I

Independence

Horizontal and vertical motions are independent

P

Parabolic Path

Trajectory follows parabolic curve

Key Equations

Time of Flight

t = √(2h/g)

Horizontal Range

x = v × t

Trajectory Equation

y = h - (gx²)/(2v²)

Final Velocity

v = √(vx² + vy²)

Understanding Horizontal Projectile Motion

What is Horizontal Projectile Motion?

Horizontal projectile motion occurs when an object is launched horizontally from an elevated position with zero initial vertical velocity. The object follows a parabolic path under the influence of gravity alone.

Key Characteristics

  • Initial vertical velocity is zero
  • Horizontal velocity remains constant
  • Vertical motion is free fall
  • Launch angle is 0° (horizontal)

Motion Analysis

Horizontal Component

  • • Velocity: vx = v (constant)
  • • Acceleration: ax = 0
  • • Position: x = v × t

Vertical Component

  • • Initial velocity: vy₀ = 0
  • • Acceleration: ay = g (downward)
  • • Position: y = h - ½gt²
  • • Velocity: vy = gt

Real-World Applications

Sports

Basketball shots, soccer kicks, golf drives

Engineering

Water fountain design, projectile weapons

Aviation

Cargo drops, bomb trajectories

Entertainment

Stunt jumps, fireworks displays

Assumptions & Limitations

Assumptions

  • • No air resistance
  • • Uniform gravitational field
  • • Flat Earth approximation
  • • Point mass object

Real-World Factors

  • • Air resistance affects trajectory
  • • Wind can alter path
  • • Object shape and size matter
  • • Spin can cause curve