Simple Pendulum Calculator

Calculate period, frequency, and oscillation properties of simple pendulums

Calculate Pendulum Properties

Distance from pivot point to center of mass

Earth: 9.80665 m/s², Moon: 1.622 m/s²

Quick Gravity Presets:

Calculation Results

0.0000
Period (s)
Time per oscillation
0.0000
Frequency (Hz)
Oscillations per second
0.0000
Angular Frequency (rad/s)
0.0000
Length (m)

Formula used: T = 2π√(L/g)

• Period: T = 2π√(0.000/9.807) = 0.0000 s

• Frequency: f = 1/T = 0.0000 Hz

Pendulum Analysis

Example Calculation

Grandfather Clock Pendulum

Given: L = 2 m, g = 9.80665 m/s² (Earth)

Find: Period and frequency

Solution

T = 2π√(L/g) = 2π√(2/9.80665)

T = 2π√(0.2039) = 2π × 0.4516

T = 2.837 seconds

f = 1/T = 1/2.837 = 0.352 Hz

Pendulum Properties

Period Independence:
Period doesn't depend on mass or amplitude (for small angles)
Small Angle Approximation:
Valid for angles < 15° from vertical
Energy Conservation:
Kinetic ↔ Potential energy conversion

Gravity on Different Bodies

Earth:9.807 m/s²
Moon:1.622 m/s²
Mars:3.71 m/s²
Jupiter:24.79 m/s²
Sun:274.0 m/s²

Understanding Simple Pendulums

What is a Simple Pendulum?

A simple pendulum consists of a point mass (bob) suspended from a weightless string or rod of fixed length. It exhibits simple harmonic motion for small angular displacements, where the restoring force is provided by gravity.

Key Characteristics

  • Period is independent of mass and amplitude (small angles)
  • Restoring force is proportional to displacement
  • Energy conservation: KE ↔ PE conversion
  • Isochronous for small oscillations

Pendulum Equation

T = 2π√(L/g)

f = 1/T = (1/2π)√(g/L)

  • T: Period (time for one complete oscillation)
  • f: Frequency (oscillations per second)
  • L: Length of pendulum (m)
  • g: Acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)

Note: This formula is accurate for small angles (≤15°). For larger angles, more complex equations are needed.

Applications: Used in clocks, measuring gravity, seismometers, and physics demonstrations.