DNA Copy Number Calculator
Convert DNA concentration to copy number and calculate PCR amplification results
Calculate DNA Copy Number
Concentration of DNA in your sample
Length of DNA template in base pairs
Average molecular weight per base or base pair
DNA Copy Number Results
Formula: DNA copies/µL = (C_DNA × N_A) / (l × ng × w_bp)
Parameters: C_DNA = 0 ng/µL, l = 0 bp, w_bp = 660 Da
Avogadro constant: 6.022 × 10²³, Conversion factor: 1 × 10⁹ ng
PCR Template Recommendations
PCR Cycle Calculator
Typical range: 25-40 cycles
Example Calculation
Human Genomic DNA Example
DNA concentration: 150 ng/µL
Template length: 4,700,000 bp (human genome size)
Base weight: dsDNA (660 Da)
Calculation: (150 × 6.022×10²³) / (4,700,000 × 1×10⁹ × 660)
Result
Copy number: 2.91 × 10⁷ copies/µL
Interpretation: ~29.1 million genome copies per microliter
PCR suitability: Excellent for most PCR applications
Base Weight Reference
Average molecular weight per base or base pair in Daltons
PCR Guidelines
Use 25-100 ng template per 100 µL reaction
Optimal copy number: 10⁵-10⁸ copies/µL
Typical PCR cycles: 25-40
Each cycle doubles DNA amount
Avoid contamination and inhibitors
Understanding DNA Copy Number Calculations
What is DNA Copy Number?
DNA copy number refers to the actual number of DNA molecules present in a given volume. This calculation is essential for PCR setup, quantitative analysis, and ensuring reproducible results.
Applications
- •PCR template optimization
- •Quantitative PCR (qPCR) setup
- •DNA library preparation
- •Sequencing applications
Copy Number Formula
DNA copies/µL = (C_DNA × N_A) / (l × ng × w_bp)
- C_DNA: DNA concentration (ng/µL)
- N_A: Avogadro's constant (6.022×10²³)
- l: Template length (bp)
- ng: Conversion factor (1×10⁹)
- w_bp: Base weight (330-660 Da)
PCR amplification: N = i × 2ⁿ, where i is initial copies and n is cycle number.