Isosceles Trapezoid Calculator

Calculate area, perimeter, height, diagonals, and angles of isosceles trapezoids

Calculate Isosceles Trapezoid Properties

Note: Enter at least 2 known values to calculate all properties. Leave unknown fields empty.

The longer of the two parallel sides

cm

The shorter of the two parallel sides

cm

Length of the two equal non-parallel sides

cm

Perpendicular distance between the parallel sides

a (longer base)b (shorter base)cchd (diagonal)

Trapezoid Properties

Enter at least 2 known values to calculate all trapezoid properties.

Example Calculation

Example: Garden Trapezoid Plot

Problem: A garden plot is shaped like an isosceles trapezoid with bases of 12m and 8m, and legs of 5m each.

Given: Longer base (a) = 12m, Shorter base (b) = 8m, Leg (c) = 5m

Find: Height, Area, and Perimeter

Solution

Step 1 - Calculate Height:

h = √[c² - ((a-b)/2)²] = √[5² - ((12-8)/2)²] = √[25 - 4] = √21 = 4.58m

Step 2 - Calculate Area:

A = ½(a + b) × h = ½(12 + 8) × 4.58 = ½ × 20 × 4.58 = 45.8m²

Step 3 - Calculate Perimeter:

P = a + b + 2c = 12 + 8 + 2(5) = 30m

Key Formulas

Area

A = ½(a + b) × h

Perimeter

P = a + b + 2c

Height

h = √[c² - ((a-b)/2)²]

Leg Length

c = √[h² + ((a-b)/2)²]

Midsegment

m = (a + b)/2

Isosceles Trapezoid Properties

Two equal legs (non-parallel sides)

Two parallel bases of different lengths

Base angles are equal

Diagonals are equal in length

Has one line of symmetry

Opposite angles are supplementary

Common Applications

Architecture and construction

Bridge and roof designs

Land surveying and plots

Engineering calculations

Geometric problem solving

Understanding Isosceles Trapezoids

What is an Isosceles Trapezoid?

An isosceles trapezoid is a special type of trapezoid where the non-parallel sides (legs) have equal length. This creates a symmetric shape with useful mathematical properties that make calculations more predictable and structured.

Key Characteristics

  • Equal legs: Both non-parallel sides have the same length
  • Parallel bases: Two sides are parallel but of different lengths
  • Equal base angles: Angles adjacent to each base are equal
  • Equal diagonals: Both diagonals have the same length

Mathematical Relationships

Area Formula

The area is calculated as the average of the two parallel sides multiplied by the height:
A = ½(a + b) × h

Height Calculation

When you know the bases and leg length, the height can be found using:
h = √[c² - ((a-b)/2)²]

Angle Relationships

Adjacent angles are supplementary (add up to 180°), and base angles are equal.

Real-World Applications

Architecture

Used in building facades, window designs, and decorative elements where symmetry is important.

Engineering

Common in bridge designs, dam cross-sections, and structural elements requiring stability.

Land Planning

Used for property boundaries, garden plots, and urban planning where symmetric shapes are needed.